🧬 Genetics & Molecular Biology Calculators
DNA, Punnett squares, Hardy-Weinberg, PCR and lab dilutions. Browse 66 free genetics & molecular biology calculators, each with the formula, a worked example and an interactive chart.
DNA GC Content CalculatorFind GC percentage, length and melting temperature of a DNA sequence.Reverse Complement CalculatorGenerate the reverse complement and RNA transcript of a DNA sequence.DNA Base Composition CalculatorCount A, T, G and C bases in a sequence.DNA Concentration from A260 CalculatorConvert absorbance at 260 nm to DNA concentration.DNA Copy Number CalculatorConvert a DNA mass to number of copies.Primer Melting Temperature CalculatorEstimate Tm and annealing temperature of a PCR primer.PCR Master Mix CalculatorScale a PCR reaction recipe for multiple samples.PCR Amplification CalculatorCompute product copies after PCR cycles.Ligation Insert:Vector Ratio CalculatorFind how much insert DNA to add for a molar ratio.Punnett Square Calculator (Monohybrid)Find offspring genotype and phenotype ratios for a single-gene cross.Dihybrid Cross Phenotype CalculatorShow the classic 9:3:3:1 ratios for two heterozygous genes.Hardy–Weinberg Equilibrium CalculatorCompute genotype frequencies from allele frequency.Carrier Frequency from Disease Incidence CalculatorEstimate carrier frequency from the incidence of a recessive disorder.Allele Frequency CalculatorFind allele frequencies from genotype counts.Chi-Square Test for Genetics CalculatorTest whether observed offspring match a Mendelian ratio.Genetic Map Distance CalculatorConvert recombinant offspring to map units.Mutation Rate CalculatorEstimate mutation rate per base per generation.Protein Molecular Weight from Residues CalculatorEstimate protein mass from amino acid count.Gene Length from Protein CalculatorFind coding sequence length from protein size.Bacterial Growth CalculatorPredict bacterial population after a growth period.Doubling Time CalculatorFind doubling time from two cell counts.Cell Counting (Hemocytometer) CalculatorCompute cell concentration from a hemocytometer count.OD600 to Cell Density CalculatorEstimate E. coli density from OD600.Lab Buffer Preparation CalculatorFind grams of solute needed for a buffer.Protein Sample Loading CalculatorFind the volume of sample to load for a target protein mass.Enzyme Activity CalculatorCompute enzyme units and specific activity.Transcription and Translation Product CalculatorEstimate protein copies from mRNA copies and translation rate.Microscope Total Magnification CalculatorCompute total magnification and the actual size of a specimen.Gel Molecular Weight EstimatorEstimate band size from migration distance using two markers.Osmolarity CalculatorFind the osmolarity of a salt or sugar solution.Blood Type Inheritance Probability CalculatorProbability a child has blood type O from two heterozygous A or B parents.Haldane Map Distance to Recombination CalculatorConvert a genetic map distance in Morgans into the expected recombination fraction between two genes.Effective Population Size CalculatorFind the effective population size from the number of breeding males and females.Allele Frequency Change Under Selection CalculatorFind the new frequency of a recessive allele after one generation of selection against recessive homozygotes.Gene Flow Allele Frequency CalculatorFind the allele frequency of a population after one generation of migration from another population.Mutation Selection Balance CalculatorFind the equilibrium frequency of a harmful recessive allele maintained by recurrent mutation.Linkage LOD Score CalculatorFind the LOD score for linkage between two genes from recombinant and non-recombinant offspring counts.Trihybrid Cross Probability CalculatorFind the chance of all dominant phenotypes in a cross involving several independent genes.Salt Corrected Melting Temperature CalculatorAdjust a DNA melting temperature for the sodium ion concentration of the buffer.Bacterial Transformation Efficiency CalculatorFind how many transformants per microgram of DNA a bacterial transformation produced.Virus Titre by Plaque Assay CalculatorFind the virus titre in plaque forming units per millilitre from plaque counts.qPCR Fold Change (2^-ΔΔCt) CalculatorFind the fold change in gene expression from qPCR threshold cycle values using the ΔΔCt method.qPCR Amplification Efficiency CalculatorFind the PCR amplification efficiency from the slope of a qPCR standard curve.Hemocytometer (Haemocytometer) Cell Count CalculatorConvert cells counted on a haemocytometer grid into cells per millilitre.Cell Viability Percentage CalculatorFind the percent of live cells from live and dead cell counts, such as trypan blue counts.Sequencing Coverage CalculatorFind the average sequencing depth across a genome from the number of reads and read length.Phred Quality Score CalculatorConvert a Phred quality score into the base call error probability and accuracy.GC Skew CalculatorFind the GC skew of a DNA sequence from its counts of G and C bases.Molecular Clock Divergence Time CalculatorEstimate when two lineages split from the number of substitutions per site and the substitution rate.Centimorgan to Megabase ConverterConvert a genetic map distance in centimorgans into an approximate physical distance in megabases.Autosomal Recessive Child Risk CalculatorEstimate the chance a child has an autosomal recessive condition and is a carrier, from each parent carrier probability.DNA Purity and Concentration from A260 CalculatorFind DNA concentration and purity from absorbance readings at 260 nm and 280 nm.Restriction Enzyme Volume CalculatorFind how many enzyme units and microlitres of enzyme stock are needed to digest a DNA amount.Viable Count from Colonies CalculatorConvert colony counts on a plate into colony forming units per millilitre.Allele Frequency from Genotype Counts CalculatorFind the allele frequencies of a gene from counts of each genotype in a sample.Gamete Types from Heterozygous Loci CalculatorFind how many different gamete types and how likely one specific gamete is for a number of heterozygous genes.Genotype Combinations CalculatorFind how many possible genotypes and dominant-recessive phenotypes a cross of several genes can produce.Relatedness Coefficient CalculatorEstimate the genetic relatedness of two relatives from the number of links in the family path between them.Fixation Index Fst CalculatorFind how genetically differentiated subpopulations are from expected heterozygosity values.Glycerol Stock Preparation CalculatorFind how much concentrated glycerol to add to a culture to reach a target glycerol percentage for freezing.Agar Plates from Volume CalculatorFind how many petri plates a volume of agar will fill and how much is left over.Antibiotic Stock Volume CalculatorFind how much antibiotic stock to add to a medium to reach a working concentration.Primer Working Solution Volume CalculatorFind how much primer stock and water to add to make a working primer dilution in a PCR reaction.PCR Master Mix Scale-Up CalculatorFind the total master mix volume for several reactions, including extra volume for pipetting loss.Colony Screening Probability CalculatorFind the chance that at least one colony out of a number screened is a correct clone.Blue White Screening CalculatorFind the percent of recombinant colonies from blue and white colony counts in a cloning experiment.
About Genetics & Molecular Biology calculators
DNA, Punnett squares, Hardy-Weinberg, PCR and lab dilutions. CalcDepo has 66 free genetics & molecular biology calculators. Each one shows the formula, the variables and their units, a worked example and a chart of how the result changes, so you can check homework, plan a lab or understand the idea behind the numbers.
Popular calculators here include DNA GC Content, Reverse Complement, DNA Base Composition, DNA Concentration from A260, DNA Copy Number, Primer Melting Temperature. Common searches in this category include “gc content of sequence”, “complementary strand”, “count nucleotides”, “nanodrop”.
More calculator categories
🚀 Mechanics & Motion🔥 Thermodynamics & Fluids⚡ Electricity & Magnetism🌈 Waves, Sound & Optics🪐 Modern Physics & Astronomy⚗️ General Chemistry🧪 Solutions, Acids & Kinetics🌿 Ecology & Evolution🫀 Human Body & Health∑ Algebra & Calculus📐 Geometry & Trigonometry📊 Statistics & Probability🌍 Earth & Environmental Science